which balkan country are you

[24] The geographical term of a peninsula defines that the water border must be longer than land, with the land side being the shortest in the triangle, but that is not the case with the Balkan Peninsula. [114] It is home to two-thirds of the city's 15,519,267 inhabitants.[101]. Heinrichs. Historians state the Balkans comprise Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia. [citation needed] It was used mainly during the time of the Ottoman Empire. [51] Other deposits of coal, especially in Bulgaria, Serbia and Bosnia, also exist. It has been a juncture between the Latin and Greek bodies of the Roman Empire, the destination of a massive influx of pagan Bulgars and Slavs, an area where Orthodox and Catholic Christianity met,[55] as well as the meeting point between Islam and Christianity. TRY3STEPS.COM: We ask you, humbly: don't scroll away. “The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 has decreased migration flows along the western Balkan route,” says Nicola Bay, DRC country director for Bosnia. See also the Black Sea regional organizations, The region is inhabited by Albanians, Aromanians, Bulgarians, Bosniaks, Croats, Gorani, Greeks, Macedonians, Montenegrins, Serbs, Slovenes, Romanians, Turks, and other ethnic groups which present minorities in certain countries like the Romani and Ashkali. According to Halil İnalcık, "The population of the Balkans, according to one estimate, fell from a high of 8 million in the late 16th-century to only 3 million by the mid-eighteenth. Bulgaria 3. Inland there are woods typical of Central Europe (oak and beech, and in the mountains, spruce, fir and pine). We're sure you are busy so we'll make this quick: Today we need your help. [23][24] The land has a too wide line connected to the continent to be technically proclaimed as a peninsula - Szczecin (920 km) and Rostock (950 km) at the Baltic Sea are closer to Trieste than Odessa yet it is not considered as another European peninsula. The unemployment is lowest in Romania (below 5%), followed by Bulgaria, Serbia (5–10%), Albania, Turkey (10–15%), Greece, Bosnia, Montenegro (15–20%), North Macedonia (over 20%) and Kosovo (over 25%). [65], With the start of the Second World War, all Balkan countries, with the exception of Greece, were allies of Nazi Germany, having bilateral military agreements or being part of the Axis Pact. The term has acquired a stigmatized and pejorative meaning related to the process of Balkanization,[5][7] and hence the preferred alternative term used for the region is Southeast Europe. After the end of the wars a revolution broke in Serbia and Slobodan Milošević, the Serbian communist leader (elected president between 1989 and 2000), was overthrown and handed for a trial to the International Criminal Tribunal for crimes against the International Humanitarian Law during the Yugoslav wars. In 2015, Serbia was expected to start accession negotiations with the EU, however this process has been stalled over the recognition of Kosovo as an independent state by existing EU member states. Individual Balkan states can also be considered part of other regions, including Southern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Europe. Turkey, often including its European territory, is also included in Western or Southwestern Asia. [23] Since the late 19th and early 20th-century literature is not known where is exactly the northern border between the peninsula and the continent,[23][24] with an issue, whether the rivers are suitable for its definition. The Romans considered the Rhodope Mountains to be the northern limit of the Peninsula of Haemus and the same limit applied approximately to the border between Greek and Latin use in the region (later called the Jireček Line). Most of the Balkan nation-states emerged during the 19th and early 20th centuries as they gained independence from the Ottoman Empire or the Austro-Hungarian empire: Greece in 1821, Serbia, and Montenegro in 1878, Romania in 1881, Bulgaria in 1908 and Albania in 1912. Current Trends in Altaic Linguistics; European Balkan(s), Turkic bal(yk) and the Problem of Their Original Meanings, Marek Stachowski, Jagiellonian University, p. 618. These communities were Sephardi Jews, except in Transylvania, Croatia and Slovenia, where the Jewish communities were mainly Ashkenazi Jews. Finally, at the end of 1944, the Soviets entered Romania and Bulgaria forcing the Germans out of the Balkans. [23][24] Both Eastern and Western water cathetus from Odessa to Cape Matapan (ca. The Ottoman Empire soon joined the Central Powers becoming one of the three empires participating in that alliance. We pride ourselves on a hassle-free car buying experience where your needs come first. Yugoslavia, led by Marshal Josip Broz Tito (1892–1980), first propped up then rejected the idea of merging with Bulgaria and instead sought closer relations with the West, later even spearheaded, together with India and Egypt the Non-Aligned Movement. usually discuss the Balkans as a region. Bulgaria was provoked by the backstage deals between its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on the allocation of the spoils at the end of the First Balkan War. The Ottoman Empire used the opportunity to recapture Eastern Thrace, establishing its new western borders that still stand today as part of modern Turkey. Romania 4. [d] Our machine learning tool trying its best to find the relevant answer to your question. Slovenia and Croatia declared independence on 25 June 1991, followed by the Ten-Day War in Slovenia. [42][43][44] Its total area is usually given as 666,700 km2 (257,400 sq mi) and the population as 59,297,000 (est. Iron ore is rare, but in some countries there is a considerable amount of copper, zinc, tin, chromite, manganese, magnesite and bauxite. [46], The term is criticized for having a geopolitical, rather than a geographical meaning and definition, as a multiethnic and political area in the southeastern part of Europe. [17] The first attested time the name "Balkan" was used in the West for the mountain range in Bulgaria was in a letter sent in 1490 to Pope Innocent VIII by Buonaccorsi Callimaco, an Italian humanist, writer and diplomat. The region is a meeting point of Orthodox Christianity, Islam and Roman Catholic Christianity. Bianquis, C.E. Resources of energy are scarce, except in Kosovo, where considerable coal, lead, zinc, chromium and silver deposits are located. The two countries were partitioned between the three Axis allies, Bulgaria, Germany and Italy, and the Independent State of Croatia, a puppet state of Italy and Germany. Greece became the first battleground of the emerging Cold War. In the 1990s, the transition of the regions' ex-Eastern bloc countries towards democratic free-market societies went peacefully. Yugoslavia immediately disintegrated when those loyal to the Serbian King and the Croatian units mutinied. The Balkan Peninsula is bordered by the Adriatic Sea in the northwest, the Ionian Sea in the southwest, the Aegean Sea in the south, the Turkish Straits in the east, and the Black Sea in the northeast. The Sephardi Jewish cemetery in Sarajevo has tombstones of a unique shape and inscribed in ancient Ladino. [100], a Only the European part of Istanbul is a part of the Balkans. Try3Steps is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialShareAlike4.0 International. In modern Turkish balkan means 'chain of wooded mountains'. [23] An eventual Balkan peninsula can be considered a territory South of the Balkan Mountains, with a possible name "Greek-Albanian Peninsula. Bulgaria marks the beginning of Second Balkan War when it attacked them. They left behind a region largely ruined as a result of wartime exploitation. A call by Bulgaria’s president for the introduction of postal voting has spooked the country’s big parties, which traditionally enjoy less support among Bulgarians abroad. By the end of the 16th-century, the Ottoman Empire had become the controlling force in the region after expanding from Anatolia through Thrace to the Balkans. The participation of Greece in the war three years later, in 1918, on the part of the Entente finally altered the balance between the opponents leading to the collapse of the common German-Bulgarian front there, which caused the exit of Bulgaria from the war, and in turn, the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, ending the First World War. On military criteria the divisions are as follows: On the recent political, social and economic criteria there are two groups of countries: Former communist territories: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia, Capitalist and aligned to the West during the Cold War: Greece and Turkey, During the Cold War the Balkans were disputed between the two blocks. Greece and Turkey were members of. [98] The Jewish communities in the Balkans suffered immensely during World War II, and the vast majority were killed during the Holocaust. [9] There has been no other documented usage of the word to refer to the region before that, although other Turkic tribes had already settled in or were passing through the region. [23] Through such policies and Yugoslavian maps the term was elevated to the modern status of a geographical region. Romania 4. It had a geopolitical rather than a geographical definition, which was further promoted during the creation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in the early 20th century. [66] Days before the German invasion, a successful coup d'état in Belgrade by neutral military personnel seized power.[67]. From the dissolution of Yugoslavia six republics achieved international recognition as sovereign republics, but these are traditionally included in Balkans: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. As the only non-communist countries, Greece and Turkey were (and still are) part of NATO composing the southeastern wing of the alliance. The Gross domestic product (Purchasing power parity) per capita is highest in Slovenia (over $36,000), followed by Greece (over $30,000), Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania (over $23,000), Turkey, Montenegro, Serbia, North Macedonia ($10,000–15,000) and Bosnia, Albania and Kosovo (below $10,000). [58][59] The Bulgars and Slavs arrived in the 6th-century and began assimilating and displacing already-assimilated (through Romanization and Hellenization) older inhabitants of the northern and central Balkans, forming the Bulgarian Empire. Metal ores are more usual than other raw materials. [61] As examples, for Greeks, Constantine XI Palaiologos and Kolokotronis; and for Serbs, Miloš Obilić and Tzar Lazar; for Montenegrins, Đurađ I Balšić and Ivan Crnojević; for Albanians, George Kastrioti Skanderbeg; for ethnic Macedonians, Nikola Karev[62] and Goce Delčev;[62] for Bulgarians, Vasil Levski, Georgi Sava Rakovski and Hristo Botev and for Croats, Nikola Šubić Zrinjski. While in the non-aligned Yugoslavia, Wars between the former Yugoslav republics broke out after Slovenia and Croatia held free elections and their people voted for independence on their respective countries' referenda. The long-lasting wars resulted in a United Nations intervention and NATO ground and air forces took action against Serb forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. So Balkan is always the Other: it lies somewhere else, always a little bit more to the southeast, with the paradox that, when we reach the very bottom of the Balkan peninsula, we again magically escape Balkan. Throughout history, many other ethnic groups with their own languages lived in the area, among them Thracians, Illyrians, Romans, Celts and various Germanic tribes. [95] A variety of different traditions of each faith are practiced, with each of the Eastern Orthodox countries having its own national church. The myth relates to a fight between Zeus and the monster/titan Typhon. Under pressure from Brussels and Washington and a deepening economic crisis, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan pledged to increase human rights and democratic freedoms in the country. The only developed outliers are a few still-troubled Balkan states, the Soviet-style autocracy of Belarus, and the U.S. of A., the richest nation in the world. In the southern part winters are milder. For Croats, it begins with the Orthodox, despotic, Byzantine Serbia, against which Croatia defends the values of democratic Western civilization. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. The current territory of Italy includes only the small area around Trieste inside the Balkan Peninsula. Share our work with whom you care, along with your comment ...Kindly check our comments section, Sometimes our tool may wrong but not our users. The concept of the Balkan Peninsula was created by the German geographer August Zeune in 1808,[6] who mistakenly considered the Balkan Mountains the dominant mountain system of Southeast Europe spanning from the Adriatic Sea to the Black Sea. 1330–1365 km). In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the small and close-knit Jewish community is 90% Sephardic, and Ladino is still spoken among the elderly. The definition of the Balkan Peninsula's natural borders do not coincide with the technical definition of a peninsula; hence modern geographers reject the idea of a Balkan peninsula, while scholars[of what?] [75], Greece and Turkey have been NATO members since 1952. Serbia, in turn, declared the dissolution of the union as unconstitutional and the Yugoslavian army unsuccessfully tried to maintain the status quo. Hydropower is in wide use, from over 1,000 dams. [43][failed verification]. As of April 2009,[76] Albania and Croatia are members of NATO. It is more or less identical to the region known as Southeast Europe. But perhaps even more so than water and location, mountains define the Balkans and make this land unique. The main ranges are the Balkan mountains (Stara Planina in Bulgarian language), running from the Black Sea coast in Bulgaria to the border with Serbia, the Rila-Rhodope massif in southern Bulgaria, the Dinaric Alps in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Montenegro, the Korab-Šar mountains which spreads from Kosovo to Albania and North Macedonia, and the Pindus range, spanning from southern Albania into central Greece and the Albanian Alps, and the Alps at the northwestern border. Kosovo - Opened in 1982, the National Library of Kosovo in the capital of Pristina appears to be trapped inside of a cage. [73] Most UN member states recognise Kosovo. [77], All other countries have expressed a desire to join the EU or NATO at some point in the future. D. Dechev considers that Haemus (Αἷμος) is derived from a Thracian word *saimon, 'mountain ridge'. In part due to the historical and political connotations of the term "Balkans",[27] especially since the military conflicts of the 1990s in Yugoslavia in the western half of the region, the term "Southeast Europe" is becoming increasingly popular. [clarification needed][citation needed]. Barbara Jelavich. This page was last edited on 3 March 2021, at 09:35. 3 steps are not required to solve all questions! For some arrogant Frenchmen, Germany is associated with the Balkanian Eastern savagery—up to the extreme case of some conservative anti-European-Union Englishmen for whom, in an implicit way, it is ultimately the whole of continental Europe itself that functions as a kind of Balkan Turkish global empire with Brussels as the new Constantinople, the capricious despotic center threatening English freedom and sovereignty. A.N. Are We Wrong To Think We're Right? The time zones in the Balkans are defined as the following: Geopolitical and cultural region of Southeast Europe, "Balkan" redirects here. [4] The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the whole of Bulgaria. The next year Bulgaria joined the Central Powers attacking Serbia, which was successfully fighting Austro-Hungary to the north for a year. [24] After the dissolution of Yugoslavia beginning in June 1991, the term "Balkans" acquired a negative political meaning, especially in Croatia and Slovenia, as well in worldwide casual usage for war conflicts and fragmentation of territory (see Balkanization).[23][24]. [78] The Gini coefficient, which indicates the level of difference by monetary welfare of the layers, is on the second level at the highest monetary equality in Albania, Bulgaria and Serbia, on the third level in Greece, Montenegro and Romania, on the fourth level in North Macedonia, on the fifth level in Turkey, and the most unequal by Gini coefficient is Bosnia at the eighth level which is the penultimate level and one of the highest in the world. Ιn 2001 an Albanian uprising in North Macedonia forced the country to give local autonomy to the ethnic Albanians in the areas where they predominate. Fascist Italy expanded the war in the Balkans by using its protectorate Albania to invade Greece. Share of total area in brackets[35] within the Balkan Peninsula by country, by the Danube–Sava definition, with Bulgaria and Greece occupying almost the half of the territory of the Balkan Peninsula, with around 23% of the total area each: Mostly or partially within the Balkan Peninsula: The term "the Balkans" is used more generally for the region; it includes states in the region, which may extend beyond the peninsula, and is not defined by the geography of the peninsula itself. [69] Greece resisted, but, after two months of fighting, collapsed and was occupied. [31][32][33], From 1920 until World War II, Italy included Istria and some Dalmatian areas (like Zara, today's Zadar) that are within the general definition of the Balkan Peninsula. During the occupation, the population suffered considerable hardship due to repression and starvation, to which the population reacted by creating a mass resistance movement. Serbia and other Balkan nations are overwhelmed by communal waste after decades of neglect and lack of efficient waste-management policies … The concept of the "Balkans" was created by the German geographer August Zeune in 1808,[22] who mistakenly considered it as the dominant central mountain system of Southeast Europe spanning from the Adriatic Sea to the Black Sea. The Balkan region today is a very diverse ethnolinguistic region, being home to multiple Slavic and Romance languages, as well as Albanian, Greek, Turkish, and others. The origin of the word Balkan is obscure; it may be related to Persian bālk 'mud', and the Turkish suffix an 'swampy forest'[8] or Persian balā-khāna 'big high house'. In 2014, Albania is an official candidate for accession to the EU. Then Give Right Answer Below As Comment. [5] In the studies the Balkans natural borders, especially the northern border, are often avoided to be addressed, considered as a "fastidious problem" by André Blanc in Geography of the Balkans (1965), while John Lampe and Marvin Jackman in Balkan Economic History (1971) noted that "modern geographers seem agreed in rejecting the old idea of a Balkan Peninsula". [16], The earliest mention of the name appears in an early 14th-century Arab map, in which the Haemus mountains are referred to as Balkan. [15] A third possibility is that "Haemus" (Αἵμος) derives from the Greek word "haima" (αἷμα) meaning 'blood'. Author. (Secure PayPal), ...1. [10] The term is stated for the first time in Hungarian sources from the 12th century. Since 2000, all Balkan countries are friendly towards the EU and the US. All the states have open market economies, most of which are in the upper-middle-income range ($4,000–12,000 p.c. In July 2010, the International Court of Justice, ruled that the declaration of independence was legal. We are here to help you find a vehicle that fits your lifestyle from our wide selection of used cars, trucks, and SUVs. Montenegro joined in June 2017. [97] Sephardi Jews used to have a large presence in the city of Thessaloniki, and by 1900, some 80,000, or more than half of the population, were Jews. Powered by. Haciu - "Aromânii. Balkan countries control the direct land routes between Western Europe and South-West Asia (Asia Minor and the Middle East). [9] There is also a claim about an earlier Bulgar Turkic origin of the word popular in Bulgaria, however it is only an unscholarly assertion. Its northern boundary is often given as the Danube, Sava and Kupa Rivers. [e] The region of the Western Balkans, a coinage exclusively used in Pan-European parlance, roughly corresponds to the Dinaric Alps territory. For Slovenes, it begins with Croatia, and we Slovenes are the last outpost of the peaceful Mitteleuropa. [74], Greece has been a member of the European Union since 1981, while Slovenia is a member since 2004, Bulgaria and Romania are members since 2007, and Croatia is a member since 2013. [45] Croatia, considered part of the Western Balkans, joined the EU in July 2013. Among Russian travelers not so burdened by classical toponymy, Balkan was the preferred term". Comerț, industrie, arte, expansiune, civilizație", ediția I, 1936; ediția a II-a, Editura Cartea Armână, Constanța, 2003, 598 p.; Russia's life-saver, Albert Loren Weeks, 2004, p. 98, The encyclopedia of codenames of World War II#Marita, Christopher Chant, 1986, pp. After the fall of the Austria-Hungary empire at the conclusion of World War I, the victors established a new country out of six ethnic groups: Yugoslavia.Just over seventy years later, this piecemeal nation disintegrated and war broke out between newly independent states. The tree line in the mountains lies at the height of 1800–2300 m. The land provides habitats for numerous endemic species, including extraordinarily abundant insects and reptiles that serve as food for a variety of birds of prey and rare vultures. Most of the republics are parliamentary, excluding Romania and Bosnia which are semi-presidential. Being the Macedonian part of Yugoslavia (see Vardar Macedonia), the federated Republic under the Yugoslav identity had the name Republic of Macedonia on which it declared its sovereignty in 1991. Currently, all of the states are republics, but until World War II all countries were monarchies. If you were to travel north of the Balkans, you would pass through Austria, Hungary, and Ukraine. [47], As the Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek put it,[48].

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