mandalay population 2018

The following section briefly describes the study area and survey methodology. Login; Register; Cart (0 items) Buildings. Historical Data; Objectives & Responsibilities; Media Room. Mandalay Region is one of Myanmar’s central Regions, sharing borders with Sagaing, Shan,Kayin, Bago, Naypyitaw and Magway. User fees take on various forms, such as flat fees, volumetric or increasing block tariffs, and they may also reflect environmental costs and equity goals (Silva Pinto & Cunha Marques 2015). The latest investment in water supply does include plans for the purchase and installation of chlorination equipment (Based on JICA (no date) project preparation documents available online https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12231130_02.pdf and Myanmar Times (2018) newspaper report https://www.mmtimes.com/news/italian-firm-purify-water-mandalay.html (accessed May 29, 2020).). Other sources include public tap water, water sold by any other means, protected hand-dug well, protected spring/pond/rainwater/unprotected hand-dug well, unprotected spring/pond/rainwater, and river/stream/lake/dam. A population estimate is a measure of the current or historical population at a particular point in time. Projects are implemented by partners, who are local and international non-government organisations, UN agencies, civil society actors, academic and research bodies, and the private sector. With a monthly income of K400,000 ($280), commercial bottled water delivery could therefore comprise between 0.2 and 15% of monthly expenditure. If a meter is broken or unreadable, MCDC billed the household based on the average consumption over the last 3 months. Mandalay, Queensland - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia The capital city of Myanmar, Nay Pyi Taw, is the third largest city with almost 1 million inhabitants. Thus, low tariffs end up being regressive as they subsidize the consumption of relatively wealthier households who can afford the connection costs and are able to pay a regular bill (van den Berg & Danilenko 2017). Almost 10% get water from public taps. The total population in Myanmar was estimated at 54.1 million people in 2019, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. The metro area population of Yangon in 2019 was 5,244,000, a 1.69% increase from 2018. Building Directory; World Building Map; Statistics. Two Killed in Mandalay City in Bloodiest Day of Myanmar Protests More An injured man is carried by rescue workers after protests against the military coup, in Mandalay… MCDC governs the jurisdiction, which comprises of seven townships. 2019). Mandalay 4 Second largest city Last Ancient Royal Capital of Myanmar Commercial Hub Member city in 100 Resilient Cities (2013) Smart city (2018) A.D 1857 Royal Palace, Battlemented walls and moat surrounding it Townships = 6 nos. 2022 1,501,000. 2018). Which is the most populated country? The population density overall is approximately 79 people per square kilometer. Users are heavily reliant on groundwater, which is also increasingly scarce and contaminated. In Amarapura, which is urbanizing rapidly, 96% of the sample surveyed relied almost completely on tubewells. Nevertheless, water sources used by households do not appear contingent on the level of income (Figure 4(b)). On 13 February 1857, King Mindon founded a new royal capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill, ostensibly to fulfill a prophecy on the founding of a metropolis of Buddhism in that exact place on the occasion of the 2,400th jubilee of Buddhism. This study conformed to Johns Hopkins University IRB procedures, and received the status of Exempt on March 27, 2019. 2019). Other studies have identified water scarcity, infrastructure, and quality control as barriers to water security for all citizens (Pink 2016). The combination of climate change and economic growth means that already arid regions, such as Mandalay, will not only be drier but also have substantially higher water needs. In the 2016 census, Mandalay had a population of 337 people. Another 71% reported that MCDC water was not available in their area; thus, one can assume that they paid little to nothing for their primary source (only 40% pay for their primary source). Final Report, International Growth Center C-53448-MYA-1, Determinants of water consumption: a cross-sectional household study in drought-prone rural India, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Central Statistical Organization (CSO), UNDP and World Bank, Myanmar Living Conditions Survey 2017: Key Indicators Report, Ministry of Planning and Finance, UNDP and the World Bank Group, Department of Population (DOP), Ministry of Immigration and Population, The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census: Myanmar Region, Insight Into Urban Well-Being in Myanmar: The 2018 City Life Survey, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Asia and Pacific Dept, Myanmar: 2018 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Myanmar, Doing More with Less: Smarter Subsidies for Water Supply and Sanitation, Informality as experimentation: water utilities’ strategies for cost recovery and their consequences for universal access, Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, Coping with unreliable public water supplies: averting expenditures by households in Kathmandu, Nepal, All Aboard! Government . Almost all primary sources were either tubewells (48.6%) or MCDC piped water (44.7%). The high reliance of businesses and households on tubewells is also an important finding, especially since tubewells are dug without permission and may exacerbate groundwater depletion and scarcity. Regulating groundwater abstraction may also be viewed as an immediate priority as Mandalay lies in the most arid region of Myanmar and is already facing climate change-related water scarcity. 6), Population by District (Age 65+), 2014 – 2018, Population by Municipality, Age, and Gender, Population by Municipality (Age 65+), 2014 – 2018, Map of Winnipeg Community Area Boundaries (Figure 7), Population by Community Area, Neighborhood Cluster, Age, and Gender. Myanmar population density is 80.8 people per square kilometer (209.3/mi 2) as of February 2021. In 2014, more than 30% of Mandalay state’s population were part of urban households. Area figures are calculated from geospatial data. This issue has now been corrected in each of the Population Reports between 2012 and 2015. Source: The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census - The Union Report, May 2015 (web). Households connected to the MCDC network report that they were billed on a per unit basis, though some were unsure. Government . Population: 6.166 million Location: Latitude: 21.9588° N, 96.0891° E Temperature: Min 18 'C - Max 37 'C We have 132 guests and no members online . MANDALAY—The discovery of the body of a young female Irrawaddy dolphin found in Thabeikyin Township, Mandalay Region on Saturday has further reduced the population of the increasingly rare dolphin breed from 72 to 71. The water source selection by users depends on intended use and availability, with quality being one of the most important factors in decision-making. Mandalay's 2021 population is now estimated at 1,469,193.In 1950, the population of Mandalay was 167,493.Mandalay has grown by 31,639 since 2015, which represents a 2.20% annual change. Its current president is Thein Sein, who was elected the first non-interim civilian president of Myanmar in 49 years. Households and MSMEs rely on piped water, tubewells, and bottled water. There was an inversely proportional relationship between use of MCDC piped water and tubewells for households and the similar pattern holds for MSMEs. 2006, Orgill et al. Former capital, Yangon (Rangoon), population 6 million. Myanmar’s major banks and financial institutions, as well as the newly established stock exchange, are located in Yangon. While there has been undeniable progress in access to improved sources of water, almost a third of the world's population still lacks access to a reliable source of safe water (WWAP 2019). Mandalay is a coastal locality in the Whitsunday Region, Queensland, Australia. Both tariff increases are expected to have raised MCDC revenues, but it is difficult to establish with certainty the impact that these tariff increases had on household consumption since metering is uneven, and billing records are not easy to find or comparable across time (all billing is done on paper and tariffs are collected in person). Only 40% of households reportedly paid for their primary source of water. Tariff setting has been explored extensively as well. July, 2018 Mr.Khin Maung Thin Head of Water Distribution Branch (Water and Sanitation Department) Current Status of Water Supply and Wastewater Management in Mandalay City. 47,2% in 2040 (World Population Review, 2018). Data for the regions include population of cities, towns, villages, rural municipalities, local government districts, and unorganized territories. Yaytagon Taung Golf Course Details Last Updated: 14 November 2018 Yaytagon Taung Golf Course info This 18-hole course is at the foot of the Yaytagon Taung (Waterfall) Mountain which is situated in Patheingyi Township, Mandalay Region. Mandalay is an area in Key Largo,Florida Keys,Monroe County,Florida with a population of 10,816. Mandalay's population has grown at a rate of 10% per year, faster than Myanmar's total population rate of 1.8% (DOP 2015; ADB 2017b). In these settings, distance, perceived quality, and price influence the choice of water source. Under these conditions, poorer households rely on a range of sources to satisfy their household needs, using a combination of open, unimproved sources, such as ponds and lakes and safe sources, such as deep wells or purchased bottled water. Mandalay covers 29,686km 2, and consists of 28 townships. COVID-19 continues to dampen population growth. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects.These estimates represent the Urban agglomeration of Mandalay, which typically includes Mandalay… However, because this water may not be ‘free from contamination’, it does not meet the standard of safely managed drinking water (World Bank 2017). A 70-kilometre-long Ayeyarwady dolphin protection zone was designated in 2005 along the river in Mandalay, Mingin and Kyauk Myaung in Sagaing. 29% of the population live in urban areas, and the remaining 71% in rural areas. MSMEs displayed little variation from households in their water sources (Figure 2(b)). The authors are grateful to Nilar Win, Nan Sandi, Astrid Haas, Ian Porter (IGC), and Ankit Chatri, Akshay Natteri, Kun Zhang (Athena Infonomics) for their support. Looking back, in the year of 1960, Myanmar had a population of 21.0 million people. Mandalay City faces a future of population growth and climate challenges that will stress municipal water provision. Recent research suggests that only 35% of utilities in developing countries are able to cover operations and maintenance costs (Lombana Cordoba et al. Commercially bottled water is used for drinking (and sometimes cooking) irrespective of income and access to MCDC pipes. Most households reported paying between 200 and 2000 MMK ($0.14–1.40) per delivery, with varying frequency of deliveries. A description of the survey methodology, findings, and short discussion follows. Which is the least populated? 2019). Search for other works by this author on: Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development (2020) 10 (4): 680–690. Historical Data; Objectives & Responsibilities; Media Room. They find that modeling demand for water in these settings requires data from the alternative sources, which are often unavailable or hidden in informal markets. per cent of the country’s rural population. 24 Jul 2018. Another section of the literature analyzes the response to changes in price or quality of water supply. [42] While Mandalay has traditionally been the bastion of Bamar (Burman) culture and populace, the massive influx of ethnic Han-Chinese in the last 20 years has effectively influenced the ethnic-Bamar majority there. The capital city of Mandalay Region is Mandalay.It is Myanmar’s third largest region by population with an estimated 5.76 million people (2011 HMIS data), and the second most densely populated with 194 people per square kilometre. Myanmar, (formerly known as "Burma"), underwent significant political reforms in 2011. The 2018-19 flu season yielded almost 12 times more flu cases in the state compared to the ongoing 2020-21 season, said Carrie Edmonson, a state nurse epidemiologist who compiles the state’s weekly “flu snapshot” report. In emerging economies, however, most utility providers are unable to cover even ongoing maintenance costs, due to large system losses from breakages and theft, poor control over investment and tariff setting decisions, and rapid urbanization (Nagpal et al. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 1 December 2020; 10 (4): 680–690. Mandalay, population 925,000. Almost 80% of all households had a second water source, used primarily for drinking (91.8%). 8/2002, http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2020.076, https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12231130_02.pdf, https://www.mmtimes.com/news/italian-firm-purify-water-mandalay.html, Estimation of residential water demand: a state-of-the-art review, The determinants of water connection and water consumption: empirical evidence from a Cambodian household survey, Willingness to pay for improved water Service in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Choice and quantity demand for improved and unimproved public water sources in rural areas: Evidence from Benin, Water quality and physical hydrogeology of The Amarapura township, Mandalay, Myanmar, Determinants for water consumption from improved sources in rural villages of Southern Mali, Determinants of the price response to residential water tariffs: meta-analysis and beyond, Global water access fund: a new idea to bridge operations and maintenance shortfalls for the poorest water utilities, Estimation of water demand in developing countries: An overview, Water source as a housing characteristic: hedonic property valuation and willingness to pay for water, Water quality perceptions and willingness to pay for clean water in peri-urban Cambodian communities, https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization prospects.html, What are households willing to pay for improved water access? There is a wealth of literature on estimating effective demand and tariff setting for water services. MANDALAY 2. Major Cities . According to the 2014 Myanmar Census, Buddhists make up 95.7% of Mandalay Region’s population, forming the largest religious community there. Mandalay covers 29,686km 2, and consists of 28 townships. ±% 1950: 167,000 — 1960: 250,000 +49.7%: 1970: 374,000 +49.6%: 1980: 499,000 +33.4%: 1990: 636,000 +27.5%: 2000: 810,000 +27.4%: 2007: 961,000 … This research filled a critical data gap by producing reliable primary data on water supply and usage in Mandalay City. One other way to address cost recovery could be through reducing non-revenue water, which administrators estimated to be as high as 55%. It is difficult to say whether piped water is safe to drink as there is a lack of testing and reliable data on water quality. Naypyidaw (founded in November of 2005). Other studies focus on the determinants of consumption, but they are largely clustered in rural areas (Basani et al. About 70% of Mandalay's NRW may stem from physical losses and the rest from commercial loss – specifically broken and unreadable meters or faulty meter readings (In 2019, MCDC began the process of testing automatic meter readers, but it is unclear if large scale upgrading of meters has been completed at this time.). Details Last Updated: 14 November 2018 … Mandalay. as ‘very important’. Myanmar, (formerly known as "Burma"), underwent significant political reforms in 2011. WikiMili The Free Encyclopedia. Figure 5 summarizes the household water usage patterns across all primary, secondary, and tertiary water sources. All-populations.com used data from the number of the population from official sources. While households lacking access to tubewells will have to pay the higher tariffs, those with tubewells may substitute MCDC water more often with increasingly scarce, and perhaps contaminated, tubewell water. The international community responded by lifting or suspending economic sanctions and by providing ‘extensive international assistance for Myanmar, including for its urban development and water sector’ (ADB 2017a). Find out more here. Protesters took to the streets in cities and towns across Myanmar with members of ethnic minorities, poets, rappers and transport workers among those demanding an end to military rule and the release from detention of elected leader Aung San Suu Kyi and others. Mandalay is the major trading and communications centre for northern and central Myanmar. Population Report - June 1, 2018. In 2018, as part of Mandalay Smart City initiatives, new traffic lights with internet-connected sensors have been installed by Mandalay City Development Committee to manage traffic at junctions. In the city's jurisdiction, 81% of households own or rent their dwelling (DOP 2015). To this end, a survey conducted in 2019 in Mandalay City, Myanmar revealed that 80% of users relied on more than one water source. Although MCDC has improved many aspects of its piped water service, significant challenges remain. The annual growth rate of this urban population has been 1.72 percent over the last 30 years compared to 1.12 percent for the country as a whole. The capital city of Mandalay Region is Mandalay.It is Myanmar’s third largest region by population with an estimated 5.76 million people (2011 HMIS data), and the second most densely populated with 194 people per square kilometre. The surveyed townships all displayed similar reliance on more than one source. LIFT provides technical support and guidance to the government of Myanmar. Myanmar is no exception. Further documentation is available if necessary. 7.6 BILLION Projected share of world population ages 65+ 16% in 2050, vs. 9% in 2018. 2019). One is responsible for infrastructure installation, operations, and maintenance. This means the increasing population of Myanmar is shifting from rural areas to the city. Yangon’s population is largely young and educated, and is expected to grow from 7 million in 2018 to 10 million by 2030. The next section briefly looks at approaches to understanding water demand. Overall, the most common sources of water are water bottles (71%) and tubewells (68%), while only 35% of respondents reported obtaining water through MCDC piped water systems (Figure 2(a)). The Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) manages the city, with two departments that oversee water-related issues. Of all respondents, the survey found about 36% had a meter and 92% were reportedly functioning. 2017). Population = about 1.5 million (2014) Area = … He said the city’s Sanitation Department will prioritise reports lodged by the public to rid the city of strays. Tanvi Nagpal, Henry Rawlings, Maël Balac; Understanding water demand and usage in Mandalay city, Myanmar as a basis for resetting tariffs†. Mandalay is a coastal locality in the Whitsunday Region, Queensland, Australia. Yangon's 2021 population is now estimated at 5,421,806.In 1950, the population of Yangon was 1,302,462.Yangon has grown by 90,006 since 2015, which represents a 1.69% annual change. If MCDC must rely solely on user charges to repay its loans to development partners and to cover operational costs, it will need to significantly expand coverage in addition to raising tariffs. In many cases, the poorest households cannot connect to the piped water system despite the premise that tariffs should be kept low for social equity concerns. Therefore, as per Probability Proportional to Size sampling, the number of surveys administered followed an 80% households (HHs) to 20% businesses (MSMEs) ratio (Lavrakas 2008; Skinner 2016).

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